The fuelair explosive fae is one of the bestknown types of thermobaric weapons. Uk drones fired cruel, unnecessary thermobaric missiles in syria. Density is an important consideration when choosing an explosive. Fuelair explosive how is fuelair explosive abbreviated. Introduction to explosives and propellants part of the text from parti of this chapter has been presented. As with all explosive materials, chemical composition is only a starting point in discussing performance. Specific gravity relative density the weight of a ratio of a specific gas compared to the same ratio of air. Alfred kappl has provided information and text materials on fuel air and thermobaric explosives, and dr. On december 27, 1999, interfax reported russian forces were using fuelair explosive bombs in the fighting in chechnya. They can combine superior air blast impulse with metal fragmentation and metal acceleration effects. This definition appears very rarely and is found in the following acronym finder categories. Numerical simulation of detonation of an explosive.
A thermobaric weapon, aerosol bomb, or vacuum bomb, is a type of explosive that uses oxygen from the surrounding air to generate a hightemperature explosion. In confined spaces, burning may lead to detonation. The effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction may be demonstrated strikingly by introducing a 12inch length of black match into a 10inch glass or paper tube which need not fit it tightly. Moab mother of all bombs gbu43b massive ordnance air blast us military duration. Anfo and waterbased explosives such as water gels and emulsions are more difficult to ignite in the open. Generally, explosives with a lower vod tend to release gas over a longer period and consequently have more heave. Pdf solid state fuelair explosives robert weinheimer. Nonelectrical initiation explosions, a fuse igniter either percussion primer or pull friction type or a match is the first step that leads to an explosion. A general theory of explosives is that the detonation of the explosives charge causes a highvelocity shock wave and a tremendous release of gas. Fuelair explosive fae fuelair explosives fae disperse an aerosol cloud of fuel which is ignited by an embedded detonator to produce an explosion.
Energetic measures of effectiveness of aluminized explosives. I do not know if i accidentally make a fuelair explosive. Ammoniaa renewable fuel made from sun, air, and watercould power the globe without carbon. The upper picture on the left represents probit curves of prominent sensitive energetic materials which could be excellently measured and evaluated with the new device. Cluster bombs have both fragmentation and antiarmour capabilities. The blu82 was developed by the usaf during the vietnam war. J, change march 2012 verify this is the correct version before you use it by checking the online version. Shock waves from detonating boreholes can deadpress squeeze out tiny air. For free running explosives, the density is often specified as the pounds of explosives per foot of charge length in a given size borehole. Powerful conventional weapon kills at least 12 students in raqqa.
The main destructive force of fae is high overpressure, useful against soft targets such as minefields, armored vehicles, aircraft parked in the open, and bunkers. Pdf thermobaric and enhanced blast explosives tbx and ebx. No released by the detonation oxidizes to no 2 as the fumes mix with the atmosphere. Army garrisons or installations 810, page 64 subdivision of explosives quantities 811, page 65 interpolation and extrapolation 812, page 65 measuring distance 8, page 65 ammunition and explosives risk 814, page 66 blast considerations 815, page 66. Around 500 alphabetically ordered, monographic entries consider the physicochemical properties, production methods and safe applications of over 120 explosive chemicals, while discussing 70 fuels, additives and oxidizing agents and describing the. First, the old and wealthy nuclear weapons establishment is protected by political and corporate interests that profit from the gigantic infrastructure of the weapons production and maintenance system. For what, exactly, only god and the propellerheads in some basement in the pentagon know i can see it now.
Packaged explosives cant completely fill the blasthole, loss of lbsft and drop in powder factor increased detonation velocities and density can increase the. The cover picture shows in the lower half a new balldrop impact tester bit manufactured by ozm as well as the moment of initiation of two energetic coordination complexes. Chapter i properties of explosives an explosive is a. Experiments on an explosion of a fuelair explosive fae are carried out in open field, and comparative analyses between solid fuels, liquidsolid fuels of different recipes, and tnt of the same mass are applied. Ive read that they cause far more damage than normal explosives so if you have a 500 pound fuel air bomb and a 500 pound iron bomb the fuel air bomb will have a far more powerful blast. What has a higher explosion radius, a feul air bomb or a. The book contains about 500 entries arranged in alphabetical order. Full text of fuel air explosive systems see other formats technical note 09. Dot explosives special permit can be obtained by contacting phoenix airs charter department. Those bombs create clouds of explosive mist that then detonate, exhausting all oxygen in the. Since an adequate supply of oxygen cannot be drawn from the air, a source of oxygen must be incorporated into the explosive mixture. High explosives are subdivided by the way they are initiated into the designation primary and secondary. The detonation of an explosive atmosphere using modeling in ansys autodyn lpgair mixture is defined as a material using the characteristics calculated by c.
Pdf detonation blast pressures of tnt and c4 at 100. What you call a feul air bomb is technically a fuel air explosive fae feet. Onedimensional numerical model of this new defined material, with a predefined geometry type wedge, for a spherical explosive cargoes in open space is shown in fig. Robert bickes sandia national labs, usa has contributed an article about semiconductor. Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics wiley online library. Series of tests were performed to evaluate the newly developed solidstate fuel air explosives. These cracks are then filled with the expanding gases. The vod range in commercial explosives is 25007500 ms. Fuel air explosives also called thermobaric explosivesweapons with organic fuels have been known since the 1960s. With few exceptions, denser explosives give higher detonation velocities and pressures. Diffusion left alone, gas molecules introduced into an.
Some commercial explosives with high fuel content may readily ignite and burn. University of texas press, jan 1, 1973 science 268 pages. The properties of some modern single event fuelair explosives thermobaric explosives, that have already found use in mi litary ordnance are compared in table 5. Cole and 2002 bali nightclub bombings recommended in alqaedas traditional curriculum of explosives training.
This worldfamous work has been enlarged and updated without tampering with its tried and tested format. Fuel air explosives will have a larger blast radius. Experiments on an explosion of a fuelair explosive fae are carried out in open field, and comparative analyses between solid fuels, liquidsolid fuels o. Introduction to explosives for official use only c4. Nitric oxide no and nitrogen dioxide no 2 are produced by large surface blasts in which the explosive does not detonate properly. Parts per million 4 drops of ink mixed into a 55 gallon drum is equivalent to 1ppm. Fuelair explosives hy folks, recently i was trying to create an fireball with an 1 dl of gas and 100200g of dinamite. Fuelair explosive definition of fuelair explosive by. Are they more effective at destructionkilling than normal he.
Newer types include cluster and fuelair explosive fae bombs. Such compounds have a high negative gibbs free energy of reaction, but only a moderate detonation pressure. Collins, and richard karn approved for public release. A wealth of experience related to the fuel air explosives fae programs exists in the services to assist in material selections and possible formulation guides. A thermobaric weapon, aerosol bomb, or vacuum bomb is a type of explosive that uses oxygen. Primary explosives are detonated by simple ignitionspark.
Fuelair explosive article about fuelair explosive by. The initiating explosives lead azide lead styphnate mercury fulminate composite propellants and explosives liquid propellants rocket propellants gun propellants summary chapter 9 military energetic materials. Numerical solutions of the blast wave flow from a spherical explosive charge were obtained using the artificial viscosity technique as employed by oppenheim. Fuelair explosive bomb military technology britannica. They can combine superior air blast impulse with metal fragmentation and acceleration effects, thus enabling to create ordnance with improved. As an addition to the previous edition of explosives, this book includes even more information on new explosive formulations. Sciencemadness discussion board fuelair explosives. A a practical method of reducing the blast wave pres sures and impulses associated with detonations. It was preceded by the booklet explosivstoffe published in 1932 by wasag, berlin, and by the handbook of industrial and military explosives published by wasagchemie in 1961 under the same name. Some high explosives cannot be detonated unless a booster is added to the explosives train. Cluster bombs consist of an outer casing containing dozens of small bomblets. The fuelair explosive fae is one of the bestknown types of thermobaric. If the hazard from the explosive, propellant, or system is.
Other articles where fuelair explosive bomb is discussed. The largest airdeliverable conventional weapon in the world is a fuelair explosive. Detonating explosives release toxic gases, primarily oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Contentscontinued criteria for nondod explosives activities ae operations and storage on u. A highimpulse thermobaric bomb hit, also known as fuel pump, fuel pump, fuelair explosive fae or fax, a weapon of heat and pressure or vacuum pump is a liquid container volatile or high pressure gas models an explosive mixed with finely powdered and usually two separate explosive charges. However, due to an enhanced impulse the blast effect of such explosives is higher than ordinary high explosives. Dot pipeline and hazardous materials safety administration web site. High vod explosives are more suitable in hard rock and low vod in softer rock. Da pam 38564 ammunition and explosives safety standards. Some aspects of blast from fuelair explosives sciencedirect. An explosive substance is a solid or liquid substance or mixture of substances which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to the surroundings.
Estimates for explosives residue from the detonation of army munitions alan d. Mass burning of almost all the material, but not detonation 1. In practice, the blast wave typically produced by such a weapon is of a significantly longer duration than that produced by a conventional condensed explosive. Accordingly, they are also commonly known as fuelair explosives, or faes. Pyrotechnic substances are included even when they do not evolve gases. Compared to high explosives he they generate much more energy 34 times released in a. Full text of fuel air explosive systems internet archive. Advanced energetic materials explosive fill and propellantsare a critical technology for national security. There was no fireball butt presure,destruction and noise was unproportionall with the amount of explosive. The influence on explosive performance of a large number of physical aspects of anfo explosives and the conditions of initiation during blasting operations are mostly known, but the influence of the charge temperature on the velocity of detonation is not known. In tnt or nitroglycerin, both high explosives, the shock wave travels at a speed of 6000 msec, compared to gun powder, a low explosive, in which it travels at 100 ms.
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